Maxwell Taylor Survey: Maxwell D. Taylor, Robert F. Kennedy, Arleigh Burke, and Allen Dulles were asked by JFK to explain why the invasion went so wrong, and the lessons the US could learn from it.
The report stated that the defeat was the result of lack of early realization of the impossibility of success by covert means, inadequate aircraft, limitations of armaments, pilots and air attacks to attempt plausible deniability, and loss of important ships and ammunition.
November 1961, CIA inspector general Lyman B. Kirkpatrick wrote a report titled 'Survey of the Cuban Operation' that remained top secret until its eventual release in 1996.
The conclusions Kirkpatrick came to were:
1. The CIA exceeded its capabilities in developing the project from guerilla support to overt armed action without any plausible deniability.
2. Failure to realistically assess risks and to adequately communicate information and decisions internally and with other government principals.
3. Insufficient involvement of leaders of the exiles.
4. Failure to sufficiently organize internal resistance in Cuba.
5. Failure to competently collect and analyze intelligence about Cuban forces.
6. Poor internal management of communications and staff.
7. Insufficient employment of high-quality staff.
8. Insufficient Spanish-speakers, training facilities and material resources.
9. Lack of stable policies and contingency plans.
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